yoga -ashtanga yoga-Pranayama
Yoga
is the ancient knowledge of India received by the Rishimunis. It is
our duty to protect this invaluable heritage. Yoga is the art
of living life.
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| yoga -ashtanga yoga-Pranayama |
Six
views are very important in Indian culture. One of them is yoga.
Since the Maharishi "Patanjali Yogasutra" was
studied scientifically in yoga, yoga has been called an the accurate instrument of consciousness.
Maharshi
Patanjali has introduced the eight parts of yoga in the easily
understood "Patanjali Yogasutra", which is why yoga
is popularly known as "Ashtanga Yoga". It is known
as Ashtanga Yoga, having a set of eight organs. The eight limbs are
as follows.
yoga -ashtanga yoga
Outdoor
Yoga
Maharshi
Patanjali has described Ashtanga Yoga in the 29th of
SadhanaPad by doing well from the Sutra to the third Sutra of
Vibhutipada. The first five limbs are known as Bahiranga Yoga.
Whereas the remaining three limbs are known as Inner Yoga.
The
five organs contained in Bahiranga Yoga are, ie, 1 yam 2 rule 3 asana
4 pranayama 5 retractions. Many yoga practitioners also
describe retreat as intimate yoga.
The
first four limbs - yam, niyam, asana and papranayama
are related to the action outside the body, hence it is called
Bahiranga Yoga.
When
the three organs - meditation, meditation and samadhi - are related
only to the conscience, hence it is called Inner Yoga.
Since
retraction is related to both the outward and the cardiovascular
actions.
Avoidance
is initially external yoga, but it results in intimate yoga rather
than practice.
We
will study the five organs of Yama, Niyam, Asana, Pranayama
and Pratiyas involved in Bahiranga Yoga.
Maharshi
Patanjali has outlined the following formula in the terminology of
Ashtanga Yoga.
Yama,
rule, asana, pranayama, retraction, perception, meditation,
samadhi are the eight parts of yoga.
yum
rule
ashan
Pranayama
Retraction
Perception
Meditate
attention
The
tomb
Eight
The
vagina
In
general terms, yoga is a well-established scientific method of
living the life of ancient Rishimunis.
Ashtanga
Yoga is the culmination of Maharishi Patanjali's inner strength.
Through this sacred scientific method, personality development can be
developed and human improvement can be achieved.
Maharshi
Patanjali has shown the way to achieve the ultimate achievement
through Ashtanga Yoga in a gradual way to liberate human
beings from all bondage.
Ashtanga
Yoga experiences physical stability, mental peace, intellectual
maturity and spiritual bliss through the development of human body,
mind and inner consciousness in Yoga.
The
eight organs of yoga are interrelated. According to Ashtanga
Yoga, the eight limbs are complementary to each other.
Yama
Yama
is the first step of Ashtanga Yoga. Maharshi Patanjali
describes a total of five types of yams which are as follows.
Controlling the senses and controlling the mind is the essence of the
"Yama".
(1)
Non-Violence (2) Truth (3) Undying (4) Brahmacharya (5) Aparigraha
- Non-violence:
Non-violence
is usually called non-violence. Violence has been considered both
grossly and subtle in the terminology of yoga.
Non-violence
means not hurting any soul with body, speech, and mind. Do not suffer
physically from the body. Do not hurt by speech, or by bad
intentions.
Adhering
to this non-violence can lead to a fast pace in the yoga path and
according to Maharshi Patanjali, the inclination of the person who
comes to practice such non-violence will eliminate the hatred and
hate.
Violence
in the Scriptures is considered as the 'religion of religion', ie
non-violence. It destroys contamination such as affection, anger,
greed.
Non-violence
in the Bhagavad Gita has been interpreted to be non-discriminatory.
Equally important is his purpose behind the work.
It
is violence to hurt an innocent person for his own sake. It is
violence to kill any creature of happiness. Violence is not when a
doctor heals a patient's body. Thus, to practice non-violence with
the mind, word and deed
Required.
(2)
The truth:
The
truth is to speak the truth. Acceptance of the true value of life and
total abandonment of lying is called truth. It is a general
definition of truth to tell it in the same way that we have heard it.
But the definition of this truth is incomplete.
It
is necessary to understand the wider form of truth. False lying by
being selfish, the psychological means by which lie is often cured by
lying, is not called lying.
Thus,
to understand the truth properly, the practitioner of the yoga path
must strive to be truthful with courage and integrity. The mind that
lies in falsehood experiences constant unrest and the mind is always
happy with the conduct of truth.
(3)
Contains:
Lying
means not stealing. A person who believes or has authority over him
is considered a theft. The meaning of chanting should be considered
in the subtle form, not in the gross form.
Duty
theft is the biggest secret theft. Time theft is also a steal. Theft
of ideas is also considered theft.
Taking
away other things without asking is also a form of theft. Thus,
anyone wishing to proceed on the yoga path should avoid theft.
(4)
celibacy:
Brahmacharya
is generally understood to not be a woman. But celibacy means huge.
Brahmacharya
means the conduct of Brahman, that is, the behavior required to
attain Brahman. Brahmacharya means restraint of all senses.
That
is, to use each of the senses consciously within limits. It has no
meaning even if the body is under control but the mind is deformed.
Therefore,
celibacy should be followed by mind, word and deeds. Brahmacharya
should be seen in the form of semen, not just physical but also
psychological power, as shown in the scriptures. Internal with the
observance of celibacy
Ojas
is the accumulation of power and rapid spiritual progress can be
achieved.
(5)
Deprivation:
Depression
means not storing. Do not store anything other than your own needs.
Collecting is essential even if you don't need anything useful in
life.
Therefore
man must keep his needs to a minimum and only as much as is
necessary. Insubordination needs to happen not only at the gross
level but also at the mental level.
The
stronger the sense of insecurity in humans, the more they can
experience true happiness.
Maharshi
Patanjali has stated these five Yamas for resting on the senses and
controlling the mind.
In
fact, these five yams guide how a person should behave in society. As
more and more individuals are practicing these five yams in society,
happiness, prosperity, peace and harmony will be established in the
society.
The
rule is the second step of the Ashtanga Yoga of Maharishi Patanjali.
He
has given the same five rules as Yama which are as follows. Those are
the rules of personal life that a person wants to develop.
(1)
Shouch (2) Satisfaction (3) Tapa (4) Swadhyaya (5) Godly Providence
(1)
Shauch: The common meaning of defecation is purity or purity. Can
this purification be purified in two ways?
(1)
External purity (2) Internal purification.
Only
purification like a nasal action is an external purification. In
addition to the external display of personality, inner sanctity is
also required. The purification of the mind along with the body means
pride, envy, anger, hatred, pain, to remove all the contamination.
Inward purity or purity is the first rule of yoga.
(2)
Satisfaction
Satisfaction
means being content with what is and is not. Satisfaction is an
extremely useful organ for sustaining the body.
Satisfaction
is the root of happiness and desire is the root of pain, so to be
completely happy, one must be satisfied with mind, promise and karma.
Simple life and high mindedness are a symptom of contentment.
Satisfaction
always leads to a happy life with happiness. In any case, the second
rule of yoga is to maintain this gratification.
(3)
Tap:
The
word tapam is made of metal, which means "hot". As the gold
is scrubbed away, the impurities in it are removed and the gold
purified.
This
tapas must be done physically and mentally without the expectation of
fruit. Selfishness is achieved through selflessness, mindfulness, and
commitment.
Tapa
means one who has to work physically and mentally to achieve higher
goals than we set in life. At present, this meaning seems more
appropriate.
(4)
Exercise:
Swadhyaya
means self-study. The study of one's life is called Swadhyaya. A
person can self-identify with his / her self. Can it be understood in
three ways?
• Reading
the Vedas
• Reflection
on a read subject
• Not
only chanting the Name of God, but also observing one's own nature
and conscience. Swadhyaya makes the mind. Swadhyaya is the fourth
rule for progress in yoga.
(5)
Provision of God:
Pranidhya
means to assume. God-ordained means believing in God or establishing
God. But in the case of yoga, God is a devotee.
Moreover,
whatever fruit or desired item it receives, should be dedicated to
God. Faith in God facilitates practicing yoga and it also leads to
salvation. Thus, accepting complete surrender to God means
submission.
Importance of Yama-Rule:
In
today's critical times, it is very difficult to follow the yama-rule.
But by gradual study it is not impossible.
It
is through yama and rule that the inner character of a person is
formed. The true vision of the virtue or guilt in a person can be
known through Yama and Rule.
When
the ultimate goal of yoga is happiness or fulfillment, one must
follow Yama-Rule in the conduct and practice not only
outwardly but also internally, from the mind, word, and karma.
This
can only be accomplished through the first two steps. By adhering to
the five yams and the five rules, one becomes psychologically mature
for the front limbs of yoga such as Kaisan and Pranayama.
Yama's
adherence creates an excellent social environment. When a person's
personal qualities flourish by the rule.
Asana
Maharshi
Patanjali has described asana as the third body of yoga.
The
word asana is derived from the Sanskrit 'Masi' metal. It
usually means sitting, sitting, or getting a certain kind of
position.
But
the mere meaning of the word does not reveal its true meaning.
Maharshi Patanjali has explained the specific term of asana,
as 'stable state of happiness,' meaning asanas.
Maharshi
Patanjali has said that the body does not fluctuate in that state and
a comfortable position with stability is asana.
This
stability and soothing state of being is required in both body and
mind. Maharishi Patanjali did not talk about the asana pain. Control
of the body with long physical and mental stability without pain is
the basic necessity of asana.
Importance of asanas
Normally
if we try to sit quietly in one position, our body cannot sit for a
while. That is, the gross body we see as what we call our body is no
longer in our control.
The
actual experience of the extent to which our body constitutes our
existence remains under our control or regulation.
At
the beginning of the posture of Asana, one experiences some
discomfort, stress or physical distress at the beginning, but
gradually, even in the distant and opposite parts of the body,
happiness and stability are experienced by Asana.
The
reality of asanas and the experience of wide vision can be
understood through the Yogasutra of Maharishi Patanjali.
In
modern times human life has reduced labor. When the physical and
mental health of the human being is losing its physical and mental
health every day, this third part of the Ashtanga Yoga shown by
Maharshi Patanjali is invaluable.
Seating Type of asanas:
Asana
can be divided into three types by comparing the effects on the body
and mind: (1) meditative postures (2) healthful postures (3)
comfortable postures
(1)
Meditation:
The
postures that have been used for pranayama or meditation for a
long time without fatigue and happiness are called meditative or
meditative asanas. It calms the mind. Mental turmoil and stress
decrease.
The main symbol of the meditation posture is the pyramid. Whose main goal
is spiritual advancement? These mainly include Padmasana, Vajasana,
Bhadrasan, Swastikasana, etc.
(2)
Cultivators:
The main purpose of these rides is to improve health or health. Most
seats are included in this. Here, more importance is given to the
spinal and internal organs.
The spine supports the body and this posture is essential for maintaining
its elasticity for a long time. These include mainly Uttanapadasan,
Bhujangasan, Halasan, Dhanurasan, Gomukhasan, Pawan Muktasan, etc.
(3)
Comfortable posture
A
posture that allows one to relieve physical and mental fatigue and
achieve complete relaxation.
This
posture is done especially between the two adjacent postures so as to
relieve the physical stress or fatigue of the previous posture.
Such
relaxation postures can be relieved of the body at the beginning or
post-exercise of postures. In which the breathing is mainly done on
the back. Apart from this, Makarasan, Balakasan, etc. are also
included.
Supplementary
posture
Complementary
posture must be practiced before or after any posture. It brings
about balance between the cardiovascular and endocrine glands and
progressively achieves physical, physical or psychological
fulfillment through the study of both.
Supplemental
seating:
(1)
Sarvagasan -Samyasana
(2)
Halasan -Samyasan, latent Vajasana
(3)
Bhujangasan - Shabhasan
-
Westmottanasana Uttarasan
It
is each other's self-sufficient posture to do both the left and right
sides, and through it the obstacles of study can be overcome.
Depending
on the state of the body, the types of postures are as follows:
1.Sleeping
posture (on the back):
Uttanapadasan,
Pawan Muktasan, Halasan, Matsyasana
2.Sleeps
on the stomach (sleeping upside down):
Bhujangasan,
Shalabhasan, Dhanurasan
(3)
sitting posture
Padmasan,
Gomukhasan, Sukhasan, Vajasan
(4)
Standing posture:
• Standing
on foot: corticosteroid
• Standing
on your knees: Uttarasan, Mayurasan
Pranayama
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| pranayama -benefit of pranayama |
Pranayama
Ashtanga is the fourth and most important organ of yoga. The
dimension of prana is pranayama. Pranayama consists of two
words together.
Prana
+ ayam = pranayama.
Prana
means breath and dimension. Another meaning of aayam can also be
called control or regulation. Maharshi Patanjali's Yogishan Pranayama
talks about lengthening the motion of the soul with control.
According
to Maharshi Patanjali's definition, the definition of pranayama
is as follows.
Pranayama
means "pranayama" with the breath of breath. In the
broad sense, prana is the act of breathing and the separation means
that pranayama is to specifically control or control its motion.
That
is, the basic form of pranayama is the right to breathe or to
stop breathing. In the Scriptures, pranayama is considered as a
supreme tapas.
On
Pranayama: “Pranayama is called the soul of yoga.
In
yoga, breath is the bridge connecting the mind and body. It is only
through the breath that the mind is reached. Therefore, the action of
Pranayama is very essential for the purification of the mind.
According
to Hatha Yog Pradeepika, the definition of pranayama according
to Hatha Yoga is as follows:
"The
rising of the wind Yin Mantareva," that is, the one who
breathes. He has also built his mind.
It
is also said in ancient scriptures that anyone who knew Pranatva also
knew the Vedas. The Vedantasutra shows that “breathing is called
Brahman.
Prana
and Pranayama have been given the highest place in every
scripture. "At night and night, when the speech (breathing) is
moving, the mind is also active, and when the motion of the breath
becomes stagnant, the mind becomes stable as well."
By
breathing from the pranayatas in the universe, every human being gets
the need for his life and by the same pranayama, the body can
be made more powerful by mastering it.
Pranayama
has detailed the concept of how to use it by exercising restraint on
the energy produced in the body and the communication of the flowing
soul.
In
short, pranayama is the act of subjugating the mind. The
rhubarb medicine to bring the soul under control with love
That
is why pranayama.
Form of Pranayama:
Pranayama
can be divided into three parts:
(1)
Supplement - Breathing (2) Breath - Holding the breath in the body
(3) Laxative - Breathing.
Pranayama
is given full form by the set of these three actions. In the
scriptures, Kumbhak is referred to as the original pranayama.
That
is, the pranayama has shown the importance of the breathing action.
There are also two types of kumbhak:
(1)
Kumbhya - holding the breath inside the body. (2) External buttocks -
Hold your breath out of the body. Pranayama generally means to
stop breathing but it is the best key to controlling the conscience
(mind).
Thus,
Pranayama not only awakens the physical powers but also the
latent energies hidden in the depths of the unconscious mind. The
miraculous results can be obtained from the study of Pranayama.
But if it is not properly studied it is very harmful.
That
is, practicing pranayama correctly removes all diseases and by
studying incorrectly, diseases arise. It is also mentioned in ancient
scriptures that lions can also be subdued by Pranayama. But
the wrong course without trick is like riding a mad elephant.
Swami
Satyananda Saraswati has explained pranayama that the study of
pranayama consists of five beings called pranayama, apan, apan,
saman, uadan and vanan, removing the obstacles, creating a relaxed
body, so as to gain the ability to assume or express the pranayama.
In
modern times pranayama has been considered as a method of
breathing exercises. But this is not just a breathing exercise.
Types of Pranayama:
Maharishi
Patanjali has not given the names of pranayama anywhere in
Ashtanga Yoga. But according to the standard texts there are
mainly eight types of pranayama:
- Surya Bheda Pranayama
- Ujyayi Pranayama
- Shatkari Pranayama
- Sheetali Pranayama
- Bhastrika Pranayama
- Bhramari Pranayama
- Mushy Pranayama
- Planavini Pranayama. These eight potato varieties are shown in Hatha Yoga Pradipika.
For
the average person (1) Anulom - Villom Pranayama (2) Suryabheda
Pranayama (3) Vastrika Pranayam and (4) Bhramari Pranayama must be
studied.
Pranayama's
microscopic study requires stability of body, breath and mind.
Therefore, the practice of pranayama can be done only in certain
special postures. The Scriptures mainly describe four asanas, known
as meditative postures is coming.
(1)
Padmasana (2) Siddhasana (3) Shavasana (4) Swastikaasana
Pranayama
can also be practiced in Vajasan, Bhadrasan or Sukhasana.
Useful
posture in pranayama:
Some
handprints are used in pranayama. With the help of hands, one
hand is used mainly to open or close both nostrils called
"Pranavamudra".
Benefits of Pranayama:
• Pranayama
makes the body healthy but the mind is also healthy and happy.
- All impurities in the body, both external and internal, are removed.
- Pranayama attains longevity,oncentration, memory, decision-making or expressive power increase.
- Pranayama leads to firmness in the body, purity in the nerves and concentration in the mind. Explaining the glory of Pranayama in the Scriptures, it says that Pranayama destroys all sinners.
- Pranayama removes all physical ailments or mental diseases, but through constant study one can attain spiritual strength and spiritual bliss, ie, Sachyananda.
- Maharshi Patanjali says, "Immediate Praveshwar", ie Pranayama, removes the cover of light which is the illusion of enlightenment, and enlightenment becomes easy and easy.
Retraction
Retraction is the fifth body of Ashtanga yoga. It is known as
the gateway to intimate yoga. The word avoidance has two words
combined: per + diet.
In
the opposite direction. For example, retaliation means retaliation.
Namely in the opposite direction of trauma. Thus, counter-clockwise.
Diet means food - but in the broadest sense, "diet" means
consuming the senses within the heart.
The
following are our five senses and their diet:
Thus,
all five senses stick to their own diet. From them, the name of
'counter', ie, towards the front, ie, towards the cheetah.
Thus,
avoidance means directing the senses back to their senses.
Rejection
is a psychological process, initially, and later, a psychological
process. From his study, the process of moving the events of the
outside world from the subjects to the back-to-consciousness is the
retraction.
Tortoise
is the best example of a tortoise. As the tortoise shrinks its organs
inward, the trajectory of the reflexes its senses toward the inner
consciousness.
In
this way, after achieving purity, calmness, and peace of mind, the
intimate Yoga becomes suitable for Yoga ie perception,
meditation and Samadhi.
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